From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

The essential oils that we know and love are derived from plants, but this does not necessarily mean that the therapeutic benefits or uses from the plant to essential oil are the same. In many cases, this does not hold true. There are many recipes online utilizing essential oils that do not honor chemistry and do not focus on safe use. Sustainability is also a massive concern as more and more people are stepping into the essential oil community every day. It is not necessary to use oils every day, or in everything. When we see a recipe shared online, we must ask ourselves if it is necessary, shifting the way we currently see these beautiful resources. From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

 

My goal in this new series of blogs is to celebrate plants in all of their glory. I will walk you through from farm to oil. Uses, limitations, and fun recipes of each botanical will be covered. Within each article, I will discuss the herb, flower, fruit, seed, root, or bark, and finally the oil. This will be informative and most importantly, FUN!

 

Ode to Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)

 

We can close our eyes and imagine fields of purple flowers in France, swaying in the breeze, intoxicating scent, therapeutically abundant. There are dozens of varieties of Lavender; this article will speak to the more common varieties, high in linalool and linalyl acetate, low in camphor.

 

Considered a common herb, Lavender is relatively easy to grow in the home garden. It is a perennial that does not require a whole lot of care, or too much water once established, and is used for dozens of things. Therefore, it seems like our responsibility to grow it organically and use it in the home, as it is a plant with growing sustainability concerns.

 

The following is the definition of sustainable according to Merriam-Webster.com:

 

sustainable

sus·tain·able 

adjective

  1. Able to be used without being completely used up or destroyed
  2. Using methods that do not completely use up or destroy natural resources
  3. Able to last or continue for a long time

 

Does it surprise you to know that lavender is a concern? Perhaps this will also shock you; the essential oil market is estimated to exceed $17 billion, rising to $27 billion by 2022 [1]. This is only a rough estimate; I expect it will rise much higher than this. This poses many problems in regards to essential oil production, rising prices, and adulteration.

 

Dr. Pappas, a well-respected essential oil chemist, stated that Lavender essential oil is in crisis mode, read about it here. Prices will be going up due to supply and demand, and as a result, we will be finding more adulterated oils on the market than ever before.

 

With all of this in mind, there are a couple things that we can do. Consider growing Lavender at home in pots or in your garden, then you can dry it and use it in a large myriad of ways. Trust me when I say the essential oil is not always necessary.

 

Try saving the seeds from the plants you grow, so that you can have Lavender year after year, and you can share with your friends! The seeds germinate slowly, so be sure to be patient and start them inside 6-8 weeks before you plan to transplant them outdoors.

 

I ask that all of you begin to think about where you can use the herb before reaching for the essential oil. Here are a few ideas for you.

 

Cooking with Lavender

 

Lavender flowers contain vitamin A, calcium, and iron. When cooked properly, it is simply amazing in baked goods and treats. Here is a healthful recipe for Lavender banana bread.

 

Ingredients

 

-Dried Lavender 2 tablespoons
-Melted coconut oil or organic extra virgin olive oil 6 tablespoons
-All-purpose flour (can substitute for a gluten-free flour if needed) 2 cups
-Baking soda 1 teaspoon
-Himalayan or Celtic sea salt 1/2 teaspoon
-Organic, pasture-raised eggs, room temperature 2
-Plain, organic whole-milk yogurt 6 ounces
-Sugar 1 cup
-Raw honey (be sure it is raw honey, not fake honey) ½ cup
-Vanilla extract 1 teaspoon
-Large ripe bananas, mashed 2

 

Directions


1. Preheat the oven to 350ºF. Line a bread pan with parchment paper.
2. Ahead of time, cook the dried Lavender on med-high heat for about a minute until it begins to release it’s heavenly aroma. Then, turn the heat down to med-low and add the butter to the pan. Cook for one minute, stirring constantly (I have burned this quickly by leaving unattended). Your butter should begin to slowly brown. Once the butter is a medium caramel color, remove from heat. Strain out the lavender through a sieve (unbleached cheesecloth works great); preserve the butter in a small bowl. Reserve only 1 teaspoon of the strained lavender in a separate dish. DIscard the rest.
3. In a medium bowl, combine the flour, baking soda, and salt. In a separate bowl, mix the eggs, yogurt, sugar, honey, infused brown butter, and vanilla. Fold in the mashed banana.
4. Pour the batter into the bread pan and sprinkle the reserved lavender on top but do not mix in, bake for 1 hour, or until a knife inserted in the center of the bread comes out clean.

Save a little for yourself before you share with friends and family….it will go quick!

Source: Reinvented from this recipe from Broma Bakery

 

Herbal Lavender uses and recipes

 

Lavender in its dried herbal form is very useful around the home. If you have yet to try a cup of Lavender/Chamomile tea, you are in for a treat. Add a small bit of raw honey and enjoy teatime. Lavender helps to support healthy cortisol levels when under stress, and its sedative properties will also help promote a good nights sleep. Try a cuppa if you have a headache or feel particularly wound up for soothing relief.

 

Lavender simple syrup

 

-Purified or distilled water 2 cups
-Fresh or dried Lavender flowers 3 tbsp
-Sugar 2 cups

1. Bring the water and Lavender flowers to a boil.
2. Stir in sugar and mix until fully dissolved.
3. Reduce heat to low, simmer for about 15 minutes.
4. Remove from the heat and allow to cool and steep for 1 hour or more.
5. Strain out the flowers.

Pour into a glass bottle and store in the refrigerator. It will store well for about a week or two.

The recipe makes a very sweet syrup and will yield just about 2 cups.

 

Why make simple syrup? There are many recipes online for Lavender lemonade. The issue is that the common recommendation is to use Lavender essential oil. Chemistry is not considered here, unfortunately. Remember the basic chemistry 101 lessons in school, oil and water do not mix. The Lavender essential oil (or any oil) will sit on top of the water, which could cause mouth irritation, a stomachache, possible undue stress on our liver, and oil overload when we drink it. *Remember sustainability too! With your easy to make simple syrup, you can now sweeten cocktails, iced tea, and lemonade, easily and safely.

 

From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

 

Smashing good Lavender lemonade

 

In a large pitcher combine:

-Fresh lemon juice, about 8 large lemons or 12 small (3 cups)
-Simple syrup 2 cups
-Purified water 6 cups
-1-2 cups of ice

Blend well. Your friends will rave about this Lavender lemonade, tasty, healthy, and safe.

 

From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

 

Infused Lavender Honey

 

Ingredients

 

-Dried Lavender 2 tbsp (do not use fresh here)
-Honey 1 cup or 8 ounces (I highly recommend local honey)

 

Equipment

 

-Sanitized mason jar
-Wooden spoon
-Strainer

 

Instructions

 

1. Place herbs in the bottom of the mason jar and fill the jar almost to the top with honey. Using the wooden spoon, stir to coat the herbs with honey. Top off with more honey to fill the jar. Wipe the jar rim with a clean cloth and cover tightly.
2. Let the herbs infuse for at least five days. If the herbs float to the top, turn the jar over a few times to keep them well coated (wipe lid again). For a more intense flavor, infuse for another week or longer.
3. Strain the honey into a thoroughly sanitized jar.
4. Store the honey in a tightly covered jar in a cool, dry place. As long as you use fully dried flowers, this honey will last a very long time, essentially eternally.

This infused honey is soothing in chamomile tea, over yogurt or oatmeal. It will also ease a sore throat, and if you have used local honey…it is amazing to help combat seasonal threats as well!

 

From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

 

Soothing Lavender Face Mask

 

Essential oils are great for the face, but when keeping sustainability in mind, it is reassuring to know that the herbs are just as effective, and much more gentle.

Give this a try:

-French green clay 2 tablespoons (deep pore cleansing)
-Lavender flowers 1 tablespoon
-Himalayan Sea salt 1 tablespoon

Grind up in a coffee grinder, and then slowly add purified water (or hydrosol of your choice) until your desired consistency. It should resemble a slightly watered down creamy peanut butter. Apply over face and neck. Allow mixture to begin to harden, but not fully as it will begin to absorb the natural oils on the face (aim for 8-10 minutes). Rinse with cool water, and pat dry. Be sure to moisturize as usual.

 

When the essential oil is helpful

 

In applications such as a blissful bath, for example, herbs are wonderful in a muslin bag but may not be aromatic enough. Enter fresh lavender salts. Safety is really important in the bath. There are two reasons why neat oil or just oil and Epsom salts are not recommended.

 

1. Occluding the skin (covering it) as well as warming via warm/hot water increases absorption [2], therefore, also increases risks for skin irritation with neat or improperly emulsified essential oils.
2. Epsom salts are not an emulsifier, so just utilizing Epsom salts and oils are not the ideal way, and also risks skin irritation. Read more here and here.

 

From Farm to Oil: Evolution of Plant Medicine-A Spotlight on Lavender

 

Knock you out bath salts

 

-Epsom salts 2 cups (one for a child)
-Fragrance-free shampoo 1 tbsp
-Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) 6 drops
-Chamomile Roman (Chamaemelum nobile) 2 drops
(1/2 the amount of essential oils for a child)

 

*You can utilize carrier oil in place of shampoo, but the oils will remain on the top of the water. I prefer the shampoo to fully disperse the oils throughout the water.

 

Smell the Lavender

 

Anyone that has been lucky enough to stand amidst a Lavender field in bloom knows that it is purely intoxicating. We can add a dried Lavender wreath to the home or a muslin bag filled with dried Lavender to freshen up a drawer or closet, but if we ourselves need to really be calmed and soothed more therapeutically, Lavender essential oil is beneficial.

 

Aromatherapy inhalers are a great way to use essential oils on the go. You can easily add a few drops to a cotton round and place in your car’s air vent to freshen the car and soothe you if driving makes you anxious or a bit angry at times (I feel you). Here is a great diffuser blend to try when at home:

 

Lavender diffuser blend

 

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) 5 drops
Clary sage (Salvia sclarea) 3 drops
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) 2 drops

This amount of drops is suitable for a 400ml water reservoir diffuser. Adjust accordingly for your diffuser.

 

To this day, Lavender essential oil is the one essential oil that can calm and center me like no other can. I inhale directly from the bottle when needed.

 

Lastly, over the years, my children have come to me many a night, unable to fall asleep. One drop is all that is needed on a teddy bear, tissue or blanket and they are off to dreamland. Less is more. One drop works great for us all.

 

Closing

 

When we take from the earth for nutrition, sustenance, and healing, it is important that we always consider not only the impact of our use but on giving back. In an ideal world, if we all gave back a little bit more than we take, the impact would be massive. If you are looking to purchase an essential oil for a particular use, please do your research to be sure you are not purchasing a dwindling resource. Often times, many essential oils can be used for a common goal. We need to begin to shift the way we currently see these beautiful resources, for the continued future success of natural healing.

 

 

 

Like so many practices in life, I encourage you to become educated on the proper use of essential oils. When using them, please do so cautiously, understanding that there is often misinformation on the internet. You can be assured that I support only educated and proven resources. While essential oils should not be feared they should be respected and used properly to ensure the safety of the individuals using them.

Please note that I am not a medical practitioner. The content of this website is provided for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should it be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice. Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating any medical or health condition. If you have or suspect you have a medical problem, promptly contact your professional healthcare provider. By using this website, you assume full responsibility and liability for your own actions.

 

 

 

References

[1] Global Essential Oil Market: Snapshot. Retrieved from https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/essential-oil-market.html

[2] Skin Barrier and Transdermal Drug Delivery. Retrieved from http://drugdelivery.chbe.gatech.edu/Papers/2012/Prausnitz%20Derm%20Book%20Chapter%202012.pdf

 

Resources

Sustainability Issues via NAHA https://naha.org/explore-aromatherapy/sustainability-issues/

The Environmental Impact of Essential Oils http://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/elist/eListRead/the_environmental_impact_of_essential_oils/

 

BEFORE YOU GO! Remember to sign up for my FREE Facebook group! Hang out with me and THOUSANDS of other Essential Oil lovers looking to learn, click on to join Real Essential Oil Education Group!

Check out my FREE offer below!

 

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Find Your Footing Using Natural Remedies

Find Your Footing Using Natural Remedies

Are you new to the realm of holistic remedies and therapies? It can be overwhelming. Learning what is safe and appropriate is not an easy task. I receive questions every day about what is safe, what is accurate, and what works. Due to the volume of questions I receive, I think that there may be some tips I can share with you to help you get into the fold. If you are ready to get your feet wet, I am ready to help. Find Your Footing Using Natural Remedies.

 

Just Do It?

 

Just do it? Well, maybe to a certain extent. Generally speaking, when looking at herbs such as lavender, chamomile, lemon balm, and elderberry to name a few….these herbs are others are gentle, safe and effective for all ages (This does not include babies exclusively breastfeeding).

One thing I do not recommend….is making Dr. Google an integral part of your research. Googling every symptom you or your child has is going to cause undue stress. Like, a lot of it!

By starting with herbs in the form of tea, for example, you will begin to build confidence, like a muscle, strengthening it with use.

A-ha moments are fabulous for confidence building. I remember a moment 20 years ago when I had an a-ha moment. I had suffered my first miscarriage and was young and confused. A coworker asked me to inhale lavender essential oil when I felt overwhelmed, as it had helped her. What an a-ha moment! What was this absolutely gorgeous heavenly scent in a small little bottle? How was it having such an effect on me? Even in the depths of despair and loss, sitting with the bottle under my nose, curled up in a ball……I was able to feel peaceful. That was the absolute beginning of my path using natural remedies. I was sold….hook, line, and sinker.

A few other great starters would be arnica gel for bumps and bruises, you can purchase it at Target! Elderberry syrup is another first that I recommend to my clients. It is great at the first sign of a cold or flu and is also effective for a cough. You can purchase it OTC at your local pharmacy.

Replace the popular OTC cough drops with Ricola herbal cough drops or reach for local honey (over 1 year of age) for allergy symptoms. These are just a few ways in which you can experiment and find an a-ha moment of your own.k

Start small like I did, just start.

 

Great Minds Think Alike

 

Surround yourself with those that share your views, or your curiosities. When you talk to friends who have had success utilizing natural remedies, trying them for yourself seems a bit more attainable. Just be cautious of “this worked great for me” kind of testimonials, especially when it comes to essential oils. There are a couple reasons for this. Essential oils are not always a one-size-fits-all kind of deal. Safe use is also something that needs great consideration. Listen, be inquisitive and hear what others are saying. Essential oils are not (in most cases) strictly placebo. They work, but they need a basic understanding in how to properly use them, as they are potent!

Complementary therapies are steadily becoming more popular. According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, “in the United States, approximately 38 percent of adults (about 4 in 10) and approximately 12 percent of children (about 1 in 9) are using some form of complementary alternative medicine” [1].

The numbers are steadily growing, and woohoo is it exciting!!!!!

Ask For Help

 

You can find solid information on some of the very basics online, but reaching out to someone that is well versed in holistic remedies is really important. I see misinformation (well-meaning) every single day online. If you are really, really lucky…you may have found an allopathic doctor that supports your wishes to begin using more natural remedies in the home. Unfortunately, this is a bit rare…although I do feel they are out there.

Great Chiropractors can also be a great find, but also a rare gem when they know CAM in all it’s beautiful and many facets, able to assist you with all of your questions. Unfortunately, we are not there yet, so it is important to find out the true qualifications of those that you are asking for help. Even if they recommend essential oils, have them sitting on the shelves, or are diffusing them in the office, it does not automatically mean they understand safety surrounding their use. You will want to find someone that is honest and will refer you to someone that can help answer your questions if they can’t.

As a practitioner with a degree in CAM, I understand the importance of working within your scope of practice. All professionals need to do the same, but this is not the current reality across the board of CAM practices.

Where herbs and essential oils are concerned, the laymen can learn quite a lot through self-exploration and home study, but I am a firm believer that if you are not ready to seek your own education in the practice, finding a mentor is needed to moving into the true therapeutic practices of any CAM modality.

Are you in the market for a mentor? I will do everything that I can to provide you with just that. There will be many opportunities in the second half of 2018 and beyond to invest in your health and the health of your children/family with more than just one of my typical blogs. Exciting times are ahead!

To your healthy explorations.

 

 

Like so many practices in life I encourage you to become educated on the proper use of essential oils. When using them, please do so cautiously, understanding that there is often misinformation on the Internet. You can be assured that I support only educated and proven resources. While essential oils should not be feared they should be respected and used properly to ensure the safety of the individuals using them. Please note that I am not a medical practitioner. The content of the website is provided for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should is be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice. Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating any medical health condition. If you have, or suspect you have a medical problem, promptly contact your professional healthcare provider. By using this website, you assume full responsibility and liability for your own actions. 

 

 

References

[1] The use of complementary and alternative medicine in the United States. Retrieved from https://nccih.nih.gov/research/statistics/2007/camsurvey_fs1.htm

 

My Holistic “First Aid” Kit-Essential Oils Herbs & Homeopathy

My Holistic First Aid Kit II

 

BEFORE YOU GO! Remember to sign up for my FREE Facebook group! Hang out with me and THOUSANDS of other Essential Oil lovers looking to learn, click on to join Real Essential Oil Education Group!

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Moms, Let’s Talk About Holistic Treatment For Fevers

Moms, Let’s Talk About Holistic Treatment For Fevers

Moms, Let’s Talk About Holistic Treatment For Fevers. As a mom of two young boys, I can attest to the unease that can come with having little ones run warm, their heart looking like it will beat out of their chest, checking on them a dozen or so times during the night, and trying every trick up our sleeve to make them more comfortable. As a pretty “crunchy mom” or “green mom”, I was never an advocate of Tylenol at all, and would only use Motrin as a last resort if someone was so completely miserable despite my best efforts to make them more comfortable. This was usually due to accompanying pain.

 

Drawing down a fever is not something that is recommended, as a fever is a sign that our immune system is working as it should be to help us get well. Rather than make my case for why you would or would not want to lower a fever, I want to cover the various ways in which we can work to make our kids a bit more comfortable while supporting their immune system to fight whatever germs are trying to take hold.

 

*It is important to note that if your child becomes extremely lethargic or they are having respiratory difficulty, you need to seek medical attention. Speak to your doctor about a safe upper limit for a fever. 

 

There are various things that we can do, holistically speaking to “cool” and “comfort” a child who presents with a fever.

 

*I am very educated in many areas including aromatic medicine, and pretty open-minded, but one recommendation you will never get from me is to use essential oils internally on a child. So oregano essential oil internally for example? NOT happening.

 

The first thing I want to bring to your attention is the use of herbs. They are by far more gentle and much more efficient at managing fevers. Surprised? Let’s look at some of the ways they can be used.

 

Diaphoretic Herbs

 

Diaphoretic herbs actually induce perspiration, helping the body to sweat. Why is this helpful? Think of your body like the thermostat in your home. They have very similar mechanism’s. Inducing perspiration helps to cool down the bodies core temperature. And shivering when cold is the bodies way of getting warm. Diaphoretic herbs work like this: they enter the circulation and are then thrown off by the sweat glands.

 

“Diaphoretic herbs stimulate the local nerve-fibers to increase glandular action. These herbs influence the peripheral sensory nerves, whose main job is to relax and dilate the superficial capillaries and vessels. They primarily influence surface circulation, and perspiration is the result of this increased blood flow” [1].

 

So what does all of this mean? Diaphoretic herbs can be used safely to sweat it out, help lower the fever while not interrupting the immune process like acetaminophen or NSAIDS will. Let’s explore this a little but further. 

 

Diaphoretic Herbs-Relaxing and Stimulating

Relaxing Diaphoretics

 

Relaxing diaphoretics are used when a fever is present with no actual visible sweating. Relaxing diaphoretic herbs may increase peripheral circulation and help to open the pores (inducing/enabling sweating) [2]. Some relaxing diaphoretic herbs also help relieve the aches and pains associated with fevers. Here are a few relaxing diaphoretics that are safe for kids:

 

  • Catnip (Nepeta cataria)
  • Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)
  • Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)
  • Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)

 

At home, I blend equal parts of Catnip (Nepeta cataria), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita), and Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) and store tightly in a mason jar. When my boys (or I) come down with a fever, I begin making a tea (a weak tea for the boys) of 1tsp of these herbs and have them sip throughout the day.

When these herbs are sipped hot, they will help to raise the body’s temperature and produce perspiration by opening the pores of the skin. Add honey to taste (Honey is not for a child under the age of one).

Stimulating Diaphoretics

Stimulating diaphoretics enter the blood and as they are eliminated through the sudoriferous glands; any of the glands in the skin that secrete perspiration [3]. Stimulating diaphoretics are used when a person has a fever but are likely having “chills”. I think we have all been there at one point. Hot but cold. These warming herbs support the increase in our internal temperature. This may sound backwards, but remember when I spoke to the thermostat of our body. These herbs are working to increase sweating to lower the fever without interrupting our body’s ability to fight for homeostasis like allopathic medications do. Here are a few stimulating diaphoretic herbs that are safe for kids:

  • Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea)
  • Elderflower (Sambucus nigra)
  • Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
  • Spearmint (Mentha spicata)

Spearmint (Mentha spicata) is a member of the Lamiaceae family. Spearmint is a mild but effective diaphoretic making it suitable for children in a tea. You can utilize an decoction here as well, which is a strong tea and soak a washcloth to apply to back of neck, abdomen, forehead, etc. Both Echinacea and Elderflower will do double duty here. They are stimulating diaphoretics and immune supporters/boosters. A tea of these three is also a great remedy, although Echinacea and Elderflower will not be “as” effective in your cool cloth.

Essential Oils and Hydrosols

As an aromatherapist, I still prefer utilizing hydrosols for babies and small toddlers. If using a hydrosol will work, why use the much more costly and strong essential oil?

*Please, always keep the impact on the environment in mind when using your oils.

Spearmint is my first choice for children. You can spray the hydrosol or use the essential oil diluted in a carrier oil and rubbed on the back of the neck, follow Plant Therapy’s dilution recommendations found here. Inhalation is another option via a diffuser but will not be as effective to comfort in this instance (I recommend calming essential oils in the diffuser such as Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile), or Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) to make your child more comfortable. Alternatively, you could fill a bowl with luke warm water (never ice cold) and add a drop or two of spearmint essential oil along with 1 tbsp of carrier oil such as jojoba or almond and soak their feet in the water OR wring out a small towel and place on the back of their neck or abdomen. (Keep away from eyes and mucous membranes.)

I would like to briefly address Peppermint (Mentha piperita) essential oil. The constituent menthol in peppermint triggers the cold-sensitive TRPM8 receptors in the skin and is responsible for the well-known cooling sensation [4]. Peppermint essential oil, as well as Peppermint hydrosol, is in fact very cooling. In fact, the cooling effect of the essential oil is pretty profound; it is not one I recommend for use in the bath for this reason. Is this oil or any essential oil effective at truly reducing a fever? Not likely, but it will definitely provide cooling comfort. Unlike Spearmint, Peppermint essential oil and hydrosol should be avoided for babies and small children. Go with the spearmint!

Remember, a fever is the body’s way of saying that the immune system is doing its job in getting you better. As you begin to sweat, you kick the immune system into high gear and help it do its job.  From one parent to another….even though it is hard to see your child uncomfortable, try not to  “fear a fever.”

Like these ideas? Stay tuned for others. Please, let me know if you have any questions, I am happy to help.

***As I am not aware of your child’s medical history, please research to make sure that they do not have any medical condition or are taking any medication that may interfere with any of these herbs. 

 

“Mom’s Essential Oil Evolution”, strengthening families, empowering mom’s.

Reference

(1) https://www.elitefts.com/education/motivation/the-elite-herbalist-diaphoretic-herbs/

(2) (3) https://www.bulkherbstore.com/blog/herbs-for-fever/

(4) McKemy, D. TRPM8: The cold and menthol receptor. Chapter 13. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK5238/

 

Please note that I am not a medical practitioner. The content of this website is provided for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should it be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice. Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating any medical or health condition. If you have or suspect you have a medical problem, promptly contact your professional healthcare provider. By using this website, you assume full responsibility and liability for your own actions. 

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My Holistic “First Aid” Kit-Essential Oils Herbs & Homeopathy

My Holistic “First Aid” Kit-Essential Oils Herbs & Homeopathy

The variety of choices for a holistic first aid kit is quite exciting for the DIY’er in you and goes well beyond essential oils. Just about anything can be handled well with holistic remedies, and there are a plethora of options. I will be going over at a few of those options today. If we have the choice of handling things at home and to not have to travel to a doctor’s office where there is oftentimes a myriad of germs, let’s give it a go, right? I think it is important to understand when getting medical care is needed, but it is not always needed.

 

Homeopathic Medicine

What is homeopathic medicine? The word homeopathy, which comes from the Greek language, through Latin, and into English, means “like disease”. The guiding principle of homeopathy is stated as “let likes cure likes” (1). The foundation of homeopathy states that if a substance can cause disease in healthy people it will cure those same similar symptoms in sick people. It can be compared to a vaccine, without all the additives that are very much a health concern. Homeopathic medicine comes in varying strengths, but they are all considered the “minimum dose”.

“Homeopathic medicines are prepared through a series of dilutions, at each step of which there is a vigorous agitation of the solution called succus on until there is no detectable chemical substance left. As paradoxical as it may seem, the higher the dilution, when prepared in this dynamized way, the more potent the homeopathic remedy. Thereby is achieved the minimum dose which, none the less, has the maximum therapeutic effect with the fewest side effects” (2).

It is important to note that there are literally hundreds of varieties of single doses and mixed doses of homeopathy. If one type is not working for you, it does not necessarily mean that homeopathy does not work, but that you do not have the proper remedy. And much like essential oil, homeopathy is not a simple fix for any ailment; it is meant to be complementary care.

I have a homeopathic kit with me at all times of varying sizes. I have one kit in my home, one in my car and a few vials in my purse. The top remedy used in those kits is Arnica Arnica Montana. I use 30c, as it is perfect for my kids. Arnica is most often used for bruises, sprains, and inflammation. My boys are rough and tumble and both avid soccer players, so I combat large bruises by using this remedy at the time the bump happens, and a good 24 hours after.

The second vial I always carry with me is Nux vomica, also at 30c. “Strychnos nux-vomica is tree native to India and is a medium-sized tree with a short thick trunk. It is a major source of the highly poisonous, intensely bitter alkaloids strychnine and brucine, derived from the seeds inside the tree’s round, green to orange fruit” (3). When this is diluted down 10 to the 60th power, as in the case with a 30c dose, it is perfectly safe for use. But what is it used for? Nux vomica is used for overindulgence of food and drink. Have you eaten too much and are suffering from indigestion? Nux vomica is a great remedy to try.

Want to learn more about homeopathic remedies? Check out the information listed in the resources below.

*Want to know what dilution to go with? Follow this link for more information.

Herbs

I utilize my large storage space of herbs in a variety of ways in the home. I make many infused oils that sit in mason jars soaking up the summer sun like Arnica Arnica Montana, Rose Hips Rosa canina, and Calendula Calendula officinalis. During the months that the sun is a bit farther out of reach, I utilize my crock-pot on the keep warm setting. I like soaking dried calendula flowers in an apricot carrier oil, sealing in a mason jar and placing in the sun a few hours daily (With calendula and any other herbal material, make sure it is fully dry to avoid spoilage). The jar should stay in the sun for an average of 4 weeks, shake often and continually make sure that there is no moisture present. Strain well, using cheesecloth and pour into sterilized bottles. Calendula infused oil is great for inflammation and pain, as well as scrapes, scratches, burns and bites. I use this oil as a base for many of my other products as well. Calendula can be incorporated into baths, creams, compresses, washes, salves, ointments, massage oils, baths, facial steams, tinctures, and teas. It is also gentle enough to use for babies, children, or animals (4).

Infused oils are not the only way I use my herbs. Tinctures are useful winter remedies that can be used in a variety of ways. We use an Echinacea Echinacea purpurea tincture frequently throughout the winter months. I make this at home in the beginning of August by placing my raw herbal material into a small jar and covering with vodka. I shake the container every day for 3-4 weeks, strain it well and pour into a new sterilized jar. Echinacea is my first go to for the entire family at the first sign of sniffles or coughs, and is my number one weapon when my boys begin school in September. One dropper full in their fresh squeezed orange juice is a great immune booster. I typically use it for 2 weeks on and 2 weeks off throughout the winter/early spring. If someone is sick, however, I use it every day until symptoms subside. Other herbs that can be used in this way for school-aged children is Astralagus Astragalus propinquus and Goldenseal Hydrastis canadensis.

*It is important to note that Echinacea is not recommended for those with auto-immune disorders or are on medication to suppress the immune system, such as chemotherapy for example. The purpose of Echinacea is to boost white blood cells. Click here for a mention on the subject of echinacea and Lupus from the Johns Hopkins Center.

Herbs are also used as teas and decoctions (strong teas) in the home. I have a nice trio that I call my fever blend for both my kids and myself. I only reach for a true fever reducer such as Ibuprofen when my boys are completely miserable. The following trio is all diaphoretic herbs, either stimulating or relaxing, and the goal of them is to relax you as fevers make you uncomfortable and to help you sweat, but not urinate excessively causing possible risk of dehydration.

Mix equal parts:

Catnip Nepeta cataria
Chamomile Matricaria chamomilla
Lemon Balm Melissa officinalis

Use as needed (1tsp per cup of tea). Make a weak tea for children.

Follow this link to learn more about diaphoretic herbs and why they are useful for managing a fever (Bulk Herb Store).

 

This next remedy would definitely not be a first aid kit item for on the go, but if dehydration is a worry through a fever or flu where you or a loved one is vomiting or has diarrhea, this is a wonderful homemade concoction that everyone will love. (I do not recommend Pedialyte types of drinks). I make some the following concoction if the flu rears its ugly head in our house. It is approved by both my 9 and 11-year-old boys.

1 quart filtered water
Juice of 2-3 lemons (can add limes too if you so choose)
1/4 – 1/2 tsp. sea salt (not table salt)
1/3 cup raw honey

Not for children under 1 year of age

I typically take a small portion of that quart of water and heat it up. Add the honey and salt to that so it mixes the honey and dissolves the salt easily. Then add it to the remaining water. This tastes good and has exactly the balance you need to restore electrolytes and prevent dehydration.

* You can use pure coconut water. It works great, although it can be an acquired taste for some.

Elderberry Syrup for the Home

I am not a proponent of flu shots, so I do what I can to shorten the length of it if it happens to make its way into the home. Elderberry syrup can be purchased at your local Walgreens or CVS, but I prefer to make my own. It is easy to do, give it a try! Here is what you will need:

2 cups Elderberries Sambucus nigra dried (I prefer organic)
5 organic cloves
2 organic cinnamon sticks
1 tbsp organic raw ginger
1-2 tbsp organic dried echinacea (optional)
4 cups Purified or distilled water
Raw honey (add as much volume of honey as your liquid volume of elderberry syrup after simmering)

*Not for children under 1 year of age.
*Vegans can utilize agave syrup as a replacement for honey.

Directions:

Combine all ingredients except the honey and bring to just under a boil (do not boil). Reduce to a low simmer for about 30 minutes, mixing every 10 minutes or so. Remove from heat. Strain through a cheesecloth (I typically strain twice to make sure I get out all my herbal material). Be sure to squeeze out the juice from the berries. Measure your liquid and add an equal amount of honey. Place your pot back on a low simmer to fully soften honey and mix well. Let cool a bit then add to your glass bottles (sterilize bottles). Store in the fridge and use up within a month’s time as this has no true preservation system.

Want proof that elderberry syrup is effective? Here are a few research papers for your review:

*Kong F. Pilot clinical study on a proprietary elderberry extract: efficacy in addressing influenza symptoms. Online Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics. 2009;5:32-43.

*Roschek B, Fink RC, McMichael MD, et al. Elderberry flavonoids bind to and prevent H1N1 infection in vitro. Phytochemistry. 2009;70:1255-61.

*Ulbricht C, Basch E, Cheung L, et al. An evidence-based systematic review of elderberry and elderflower(Sambucus nigra) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Diet Suppl. 2014;11(1):80-120.

*Zakay-Rones Z, Thom E, Wollan T, Wadstein J. Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. J Int Med Res. 2004;32:132-40.

I utilize this syrup in any instance where the immune system needs a boost, not just for flu. It is a very effective cough remedy, too!

There are many other ways to utilize herbs in the home as a means to comfort, boost the immune system, and help encourage a speedy recovery from a variety of ailments. Check the resources below for some great reading material.

 

Essential Oils

I am a stickler for essential oil safety, so I will not be recommending applying essential oils to scrapes/cuts, or to use them undiluted. If your child has a scrape, a great option would be raw honey (manuka) or calendula crème from Weleda. You can purchase this European based crème at Target. Calendula will create a covering over the wound and is very effective in preventing infection and encouraging healing (5).

I keep a bottle of Lavender Lavandula angustifolia with me at all times, typically diluted to 3%. Lavender supports mental wellness, so it can be used in a variety of ways from just a simple case of grumpy gus, an overly stressful moment, or something unexpected like an accident, to bumps and bruises, burns, bug bites, and more. I usually do not use a roller bottle in this instance, as it is likely not going to be used by only one person, therefore contamination is a concern. Apply where needed. If you are utilizing it for mental wellness, inhalation is best.

At home, if there is a minor injury that has a bigger potential for bruising, I have a mixture of Helichrysum Helichrysum italicum and Kunzea Kunzea ambigua that I apply immediately to the area (Both are safe for kids). These two oils can work together to minimize bruising, reduce pain and discomfort and encourage speedy healing.

If I am at home and there is a bellyache present, I tend to use a weak tea of chamomile and peppermint to soothe and comfort. If I am away from home, I have an inhaler ready to go with essential oils such as Cardamom Elettaria cardamomum, Ginger Zingiber officinalis, and Spearmint Mentha spicata. You can rub into the belly appropriately diluted, but I find inhalation to be more effective here.

 

Closing

I hope that these basic ideas are helpful for you to begin to make your own first aid kit, one for home and one for when your away. There are many other things that can be utilized, what would you include in yours?

 

References

(1) (2) What is homeopathic medicine? Retrieved from http://homeopathyusa.org/homeopathic-medicine.html

(3) Strychnos nux-vomica. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strychnos_nux-vomica

(4) Healing with Calendula, (2010) Retrieved from
http://mountainroseblog.com/healing-calendula/

(5) Calendula, a wound healing herb Retrieved from

Calendula: A Wound Healing Herb

Herbal Resources

Adaptogens: Herbs for Strength, Stamina, and Stress Relief by D. Winston 


Botanical Safety Handbook, 2nd ed. By AHPA (American Herbal Products Association) 


Healing Wise (Wise Woman Herbal) by. S. Weed 


Herbal Antibiotics, 2nd Edition: Natural Alternatives for Treating Drug-resistant Bacteria by S. Buhne
r


Herbal Antivirals by M. Jones 


Herbal Medicines: A Guide for Health-Care Professionals by C. Newall, L. Anderson, and D. Phillipson 


Herbs for Common Ailments: How to Make and Use Herbal Remedies for Home Health Care by R. Gladstar 


Herbal Teas: 101 Nourishing Blends for Daily Health & Vitality by K. Brown 


Medical Herbalism: The Science Principles and Practices Of Herbal Medicine by D. Hoffmann 


Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: Modern Herbal Medicine, 2e by K. Bone and S. Mills 


Rosemary Gladstar’s Family Herbal: A Guide to Living Life with Energy, Health, and Vitality 


Rosemary Gladstar’s Herbal Recipes for Vibrant Health 


Rosemary Gladstar’s Medicinal Herbs: A Beginner’s Guide

 

Homeopathic Resources

Classical Homeopathy by M. Carlston 


Complete Homeopathy Handbook by M. Castro 


Encyclopedia of Homeopathy by A. Lockie 


Homeopathy Pocket Guide by A. Brandl 


Principles and Practice of Homeopathy by D. Owen 

 

 

Like so many practices in life, I encourage you to become educated on the proper use of essential oils. When using them, please do so cautiously, understanding that there is often misinformation on the internet. You can be assured that I support only educated and proven resources. While essential oils should not be feared they should be respected and used properly to ensure the safety of the individuals using them.

Please note that I am not a medical practitioner. The content of this website is provided for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should it be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice. Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating any medical or health condition. If you have or suspect you have a medical problem, promptly contact your professional healthcare provider. By using this website, you assume full responsibility and liability for your own actions.

My Holistic First Aid Kit II

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Fennel Essential Oil Safety…Does It Increase Mothers Milk?

Fennel Essential Oil Safety…Does It Increase Mothers Milk?

When you receive health advice on the Internet, on social media, or even in your social circles, do you question it? Do you check its validity as well as its safety for you? For your children? For your loved ones and even your furry friends?

There are a few things that you need to consider:

1-Is the information accurate? Has it been properly vetted to be sure?

2-Is is safe? Have you checked multiple sources?

3-The information may have worked for that person, do you have medical conditions that they don’t? How about medications, are you taking any medication that may conflict?

In the aromatherapy industry, as well as the herbal industry, advice can be given based on a testimonial. This word, “testimonial”, has become quite a trigger word. Please do not take advice based on “it worked great for me”, or my favorite, “I have been doing it for years and nothing bad has happened to me”. How do they know that exactly? What qualifies them to give that advice? Is a testimonial based on scientific factors or even education? Of course not.

Today I would like to talk about something that happens quite often in the aromatherapy industry, and that is comparing the therapeutic qualities and more importantly the safety of an herb compared to its essential oil counterpart.

An administrator of a Facebook group contacted me today to field a comment/bad advice that was given on a thread in her group as she has done dozens of times before. The comment was given on this very question verbatim:

“Any suggestions to up Mama’s milk supply? Thanks in advance”.

This type of question for starters can be tricky all in itself. What is the health of the mother? Any medical issues? Taking any medications? Was the baby full term? Does baby have any issues? …….The comment that threw off the administrator, and rightly so was:

“Fennel essential oil rubbed above the breast”.

Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Essential Oil During Breastfeeding

First and foremost, fennel essential oil is contraindicated during pregnancy as well as lactation. To be clear, according to the Merriam Webster dictionary, a contraindication is: “something (such as a symptom or condition) that makes a particular treatment or procedure inadvisable” (1). Fennel essential oil, specifically the constituent (E)-anethole, is a known hormonal modulator (2). This is essentially a substance that regulates the hormones of the body. Why is this an issue? Much of our body relies on an extremely precise conversation between the central nervous system (CNS) and hormones.

Hormones regulate essentially all body functions, for the purposes of this article I will focus on reproductive functions.

Hormonal changes associated with our moon cycle may bring about the following temporary conditions: tender nipples, irritability, unsettled feeling, or increased moodiness in mother, headaches (often associated with PMS), a slight dip in milk supply (usually not a big problem), slight change in taste of mother’s milk, (depends on the nursling whether or not this will cause an aversion to nursing), and the hormone prolactin that is responsible for mother’s letdown and overall production of milk, enabling her to feed her nursling (3).

You can compare this hormonal modulation to the birth control pill. Doctors will not place you on a birth control pill containing estrogen as a newly lactating mother, simply because of the altering of hormones. An OB/GYN doctor will typically prescribe a progesterone only pill, or recommend waiting all-together, as there are so many unknowns involved during this time. I speak from experience in these areas. Any mother that is sensitive to a shift in hormones due to specific cancers, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids can be placed under higher risk here (4).

Robert Tisserand stated in his recent book, Essential Oil Safety 2e (2014), that fennel essential oil may also be carcinogenic based on its estragole content (fennel contains up to 5% estragole) See noted pages below for your review (5).

Whether or not fennel essential oil even has the capability to increase milk production is a moot point, as safety or in this case lack of safety for mom and baby, outweigh any possible, potential benefit.

What About Fennel The Herb?

Fennel, the herbal counterpart, appears to carry with it a certain amount of risk as well. According to WebMD:

“during breast-feeding, fennel is POSSIBLY UNSAFE. It’s been reported that two breast-feeding infants experienced damage to their nervous systems after their mothers drank an herbal tea that contained fennel”.

Is this a stretch? Possibly..maybe…(6)

WebMD also states that fennel IS likely safe when consumed in amounts found in food (7). So keep in mind, when consuming fennel herb to increase milk supply, it can be in amounts found larger than what one would consume in food.

They go on to further say avoid fennel in these instances:

“Bleeding disorders: Fennel might slow blood clotting. Taking fennel might increase the risk of bleeding or bruising in people with bleeding disorders. Hormone-sensitive conditions such as breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, endometriosis, or uterine fibroids: Fennel might act like estrogen. If you have any condition that might be made worse by exposure to estrogen, do not use fennel” (8).

In Closing

I felt that it was important to address this topic in more detail as it is shared so easily without much understanding of the safety issues involved. It is recommended to avoid fennel essential oil during pregnancy and lactation, and utilize caution with the herb in levels more than what would typically be consumed in food. Congratulations to all mom’s out there embarking on a beautiful time with your new little bundle of joy. Stay tuned for future articles on what IS considered a safe way to increase mothers milk. Until then, stay safe!

 

 

References

(1) (5) Tisserand, R., Young, R., Essential Oil Safety2e (2014) (p277-278)

(2) Definition of a contraindication: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/contraindication

(3) About Hormone Imbalance. Retrieved from

About Hormone Imbalance

(4) Fennel: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/multum/fennel/d04493a1.html

(6) (7) (8) WebMD Fennel. Retrieved from: http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-311-fennel.aspx?activeingredientid=311&activeingredientname=fennel

 

 

BEFORE YOU GO! Remember to sign up for my FREE Facebook group! Hang out with me and THOUSANDS of other Essential Oil lovers looking to learn, click on to join Real Essential Oil Education Group!

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Like so many practices in life I encourage you to become educated on the proper use of essential oils. When using them, please do so cautiously, understanding that there is often misinformation on the internet.  You can be assured that I support only educated and proven resources. While essential oils should not be feared they should be respected and used properly to ensure the safety of the individuals using them.

Please note that I am not a medical practitioner. The content of this website is provided for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should it be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice. Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating any medical or health condition. If you have or suspect you have a medical problem, promptly contact your professional healthcare provider. By using this website, you assume full responsibility and liability for your own actions.

 

Utilizing Essential Oils During Labor and Delivery

 

Postpartum Depression..The Importance of Asking for Help

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Unsung Herbal Heroes for Winter Health

Three Unsung Herbal Heroes for Winter Health

Guest blog by: Elizabeth Russell M. Ed, HHP, NPM, HRM of Lizbeth Botanicals11728851_891029734265794_4017313169761371666_o

 

Staying healthy in the winter can often seem like a challenge.  We are under a constant barrage of cold and flu viruses, temperature extremes, and even poor holiday eating habits, which can lower our resistance and lead to uncomfortable symptoms.

Remember, it is recommended that you consult with your primary healthcare professional, rather than self-diagnosing, because sometimes we need that medical expertise.  From there, however, you can choose to use herbs to help maintain your winter health.

A few well-known popular herbs for winter health include echinacea Echinacea officinalis and elderberry Sambucus nigra for boosting the immune system, peppermint Mentha piperita and spearmint Mentha spicata are great for stomach upsets, and nettles Urtica dioica for allergies.

However, there are many other useful herbs, some of them easily obtainable from your own backyard or nearby field.  Here is a quick view of some often “unsung herbal heroes”:

Juniper berry Juniperus communis

Juniper berry Juniperus communis is a small, bluish berry that grows on the evergreen juniper bush.  The berries can be harvested and are generally dried before use.  This bush is often used in landscaping, so be careful when harvesting to make sure no pesticides have been used.

These berries can be dried and used as a pepper substitute or roasted and used as a coffee substitute.  Adding a few berries to wintertime dishes gives a lovely seasonal flavor.  In case the flavor seems familiar, Juniper is often used as a base for gin or other liquors.

Juniper berry Juniperus communis

Juniper berries contain useful substances such as vitamin C, tannic acid, volatile oil and resin.  Juniper berry may be helpful for inflammatory conditions, and reducing infection (both bacterial and viral).  This small, yet tasty, berry is considered antiseptic, anti-viral, diuretic, and stomachic, which makes it helpful with infection, fluid retention and stomach issues.  A positive aspect of juniper’s diuretic action is that it does not decrease the electrolyte levels in the body, even while increasing fluid output.

Cautions state to avoid using for too long, or with blood pressure, blood sugar or kidney issues, as it can make problems worse.  It should not be used with seizure disorders.  As an emmenagogue, it works on female reproductive organs, so use during pregnancy and nursing is not recommended, in amounts greater than what is found in food.

Sumac Rhus typhina

Sumac Rhus typhina, also known as Staghorn sumac, is one of the best wild antioxidants.  It is considered by Native Americans to be a sacred and healing tree.  The seeds, bark, and roots can all be eaten, although it’s the seeds that are most beneficial during the winter with their high vitamin C content.

The bark and roots are astringent, diuretic, tonic and refrigerant, making it good for getting rid of excess fluid, toning the body systems, and combating fever.  This wonderful plant promotes healing, both internally and externally.  Gathered in the spring, young shoots can be eaten or dried.  Roots and fruit (berries) are gathered in the fall and can be dried.  The berries can also be used fresh, to make a lemonade-type beverage, hot “tea” or even a jelly that is high in vitamin C.

Staghorn sumac Rhus typhina

Like juniper berry, sumac is also an emmenagogue herb, so use during pregnancy and nursing should be avoided.  In addition, sumac can have an effect on blood sugar levels, so caution is indicated with consuming large quantities.

White pine Pinus strobus

White pine Pinus strobus, is another wild plant that is known for its high levels of vitamin C, and has a great many benefits, among which are its demulcent, expectorant and antiseptic actions.  These make it very helpful with respiratory complaints such as coughs and bronchitis, as it will help soothe membranes, release phlegm and kill infection.  A steam inhalation is one of the best methods used with the upper respiratory tract.

The antiseptic action of the sap (or a pine salve) is helpful with many skin issues, including cuts, scrapes, and burns.  As a tea, pine can be beneficial for problems with the kidneys and bladder, due to its diuretic action.

White pine Pinus strobus

Food options for white pine include making a tea from the fresh needles and a type of “gum” from the sap.  The seeds can be used as a flavoring for cooked foods, and young shoots can be used to make a type of candy.

Staying healthy in the winter months doesn’t have to be boring or taste bad.  And it doesn’t have to be limited to teas, syrups and lozenges, either!  Being able to diversify the herbs we use helps keep us healthier by not overusing the same ones.  Being able to harvest from your own backyard is also a bonus.

 

Stay healthy and herb wisely!

 

Elizabeth Russell, M. Ed, HHP, NPM, HRM is an Intuitive Wellness Coach, Herbalist, Reiki Master, Meditation Instructor, and Artist.  She graduated with Honors from the American College of Healthcare Sciences with certifications in Holistic Health Practice, Natural products Manufacturing, and Herbal Retail Management.  She is founder and owner of Lizbeth’s Botanicals an all-natural bodycare product line.

You can find her on Etsy, Instagram and Facebook at Lizbeth’s Botanicals.

www.lizbethsbotanicals.etsy.com

www.facebook.com/LizbethsBotanicals

www.instagram.com/lizbethsbotanicals

 

Please note that I am not a medical practitioner. The content of this website is provided for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should it be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice. Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating any medical or health condition. If you have or suspect you have a medical problem, promptly contact your professional healthcare provider. By using this website, you assume full responsibility and liability for your own actions. 

 

 

 

Reference List

A modern herbal | Juniper berries. (n.d.). Retrieved 24 November 2015, from https://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/j/junipe11.html

A modern herbal | pine, white. (n.d.). Retrieved 24 November 2015, from https://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/p/pinewh36.html

Jackson, D., & Bergeron, K. (2000). Wild Sumach herbal and edible use. Retrieved 24 November 2015, from http://altnature.com/gallery/sumach.htm

Juniper benefits & information. (n.d.). Retrieved 24 November 2015, from http://www.herbwisdom.com/herb-juniper.html

Juniper berries: Benefits: Detoxification benefits. (n.d.). Retrieved 24 November 2015, from http://www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail30.php

Pinus strobus white pine, eastern white pine PFAF plant database. (n.d.). Retrieved 24 November 2015, from http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Pinus+strobus

Vertolli, M. (2015). Staghorn sumac. Retrieved 24 November 2015, from http://www.vitalitymagazine.com/article/staghorn-sumac/#sthash.zyE5mZxP.dpuf

Weed, S. (2007). Pine keeps you fine – Susun weed herbal medicine articles on women’s health: Menopause, fertility, breast cancer / breast health, and much more.. Retrieved 24 November 2015, from http://www.susunweed.com/Article_Pine-Keeps-You-Fine.htm

Resources (weblinks):

http://altnature.com/gallery/sumach.htm
http://www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail30.php
https://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/j/junipe11.html
https://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/p/pinewh36.html
http://www.herbwisdom.com/herb-juniper.html
http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Pinus+strobus
http://www.susunweed.com/Article_Pine-Keeps-You-Fine.htm
http://www.vitalitymagazine.com/article/staghorn-sumac/#sthash.zyE5mZxP.dpuf

Photo Credits

Juniper berry photo credit:http://www.flickr.com/photos/53197974@N05/11333256495
Sumac photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/66762373@N04/22597699277
White Pine Photo Credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/50697352@N00/8012971212